Magneto-electric machine.



F. R. HOYT.

MAGNETO ELECTRIC MACHINL.

APPLICATION r|LEnJuNE14.|915.

1,2%,666 Pmmed May 22, 1917.

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. To all whom it' may concern.'

Beit known that I, FRANCIS R. Herr, a

- citizen of the United States, residing at East' Orange, ,in the county of? Essex and State of. New Jersey,

-. Electric Machines; and I do hereby declare l `the following to be a'full, clear, and exact descriptonofthe invention, such as will enable others'skilled in the art to'which ap-.v

i pertains tomake and use the same.

Myinvention consists in the :novel teaf tures hereinafter described` reference being- 1 :had to theaccompanying drawing which 15" l bodiment of the invention selected by me for illustrates, in part diagrammatically, an einpurposes of'illustration and the said inven-" `,tion is fully disclosed 'in l, scription andx claims.

'the following de- The object offthis invention is to provide avmagneto-.electric machine thel armature of --fz which has two maximum potential or sparkingy positions in each half revolution thereof,

which wiilbe, preferably, `one at 'uli advance-and one at full armature cutsy the `greatest* number of lines i of, magnetic force ,as compared positions,

. vance.l

'C Figurewith other sparkingpositions-at low speed and die at high speed` Referring to the vsaid drawing:

y 1 is an elevation of so much ot a magnetorelectric machine embodying iny in- :tor a clear vunderstanding of the invention,`and showing` the the armature core, the coils of the armature beingindi- `cated' diagrammaticaily and the parts being shown in the sparking position at full ad- Figflisa' similar View of the pole shoes A and armature coil'sho'wn in Fig. l with the f `armature core detached.

armature in sparking position at fiiil retard.

Fig. 3 is ade ailed perspective view of bne 'form of pole shoes .detached which I convenientlyemploy lin carrying out my invention;

Fig. 4- is a detailed perspective Aview of the Mv present invention is an improvement :upon the/magneto eie I siown nd described in Letters datent o1 ,it-ed lhaftef-s granted to i/tiiiiaiu enspcification of terrassement.

` `aplaiaaimi aies June inicia retard, in which thev and.v which will provide these two "through the primary Patented May 22,1917.

vSerial No. 33,885.

nington, #1,039,543, dated September 24th,

.1912, and has for its object 'an improvement in the construction of magneto electric machines of the kind therein shown.

In magneto electric machines, as generally constructed, the .coils or windings of the armature cut the largest number of lines of magnetic force at one position only in each halt revolution of the armature, at which time the current induced in said windings reaches its highest potential. Obviousiy the two positions of the armature in which the highest potential is reached in a complete revolution of the armature are diametrically opposite to each other, and the current induced when the armature is in one position is in the reverse direction'to that induced when the armature is in the other position.

In the use of magneto electric machines in connection with ignition systems for internal combustion' engines and Jfor other-pur,-

poses'in which a spark is required, it is cus-1y tomary to interrupt or break the circuit through theprimary winding of the armature and by means of asecondary Vwinding on the armature or circuit-'including the spark gap and therefore it is customary windingoif the armas sparking position so that Jfor example, if. the

interruption at full retard is more or less oincident with the true sparking positionof by an induction coil to obtain a high tension current through thev to break the circuit It is also 85 ture at the instant or instants when the curn the armature then the interruption at Jfull 1;

advance will be more orv less the true sparkingl position and vice-versa.

In carrying'out my present invention I `provide the magneto magnet or magnets with-ple shoes, each of which is provided at 1x; f

one end with an extended portion, extending around the armature in? the direction ofthe rotation thereof, said extended portion being provided with a recess extending in a direc- 'tion remote from parallel to the axis of rotation of the 13;

armature and forming at its inner edge a shoulder at the end ofthe grooved p'ortlon of the inner Surface' of the pole shoe,'which I term for convenienceof reference, the, inner terminal 'shoulderwhile'the outer edge o--the' said extension forms the external or outer 'terminal shoulderthereof, and in connection I employ curved' surfaces of the armature leaves the nent magnets of horse represent the pole shoes each of which 1s pro- 4, as indicated at 8,

\. the sparking position at recesses, 14, will be beneath the exterior ter- Vinner terminal shoulder of a pole .sh'oe' the said recess will lie beneath the exterior terminal shoulder and providefa greater gap than exists between the curved portions of the armature and the curved inner surface of the pole shoes. l

In Fig. 1, for example, I have'sho'wn a magneto structure in which 1 represents the magnet-or magnets, preferably permashoe form', and -2, 2,

videdlwith a curved inner surface as at 3. Each pole shoe is'providd at one end of said eurvedsurface'. with an'extension, 4, extending in the direction ofthe rotation of the armature around the minal shoulder, 6, at the inner edge of said recess. The outer end lof the' extension provides the outer terminal.shoulder,7, which is located at the same distance from the axis of rotation o't' the armature as the curved portion 3 of the shoe, and I prefer also to cut oil the corners of the extended portion, as shown best in Fig. 3. l() is the armature core which is provided in this instance with the' primary winding, 11, and secondary winding, 12,indicated diagrammatically iu Figs. l and 2. r1 he core is 'l'novided with oppositely disposed curved portions, 13, concentric with the 'axis of r0`- tation and therefore of necessity providing a uniform gap between them vand the portion, 3, and the interior andexterior shoulders 6 and 7 of the pole shoes. Ilach of said curved portions, 13, is provided with a recess, 14, which extends in direction parallel to the axis'of rotation, and adjacent to the rear or following7 edges or tips, 15, oi said curved portions, havingreference to the direction of rotationfof the armature, the leading edges or tips ot' said .curved portions being indicated at 16. The said recessesare so arranged that-whenthe rear edges, 15, of the curved portions of the armature are. opposite the inner terminal shoulders, (S, of the pole shoes, which will be minal shoulders, '7,- ot' the pole shoes .as clearly shownrin Fig. 1', so that there will be armature than the to be diverted v tion vshown in Fig. v1 at full advance.

.cesses, 14, lare adjacent to the t 7, of the pole shoes Vand insure greater ref -The armature-also has edges,- 15, of -armature core leave the exterior terminal shoulder vat the outer end of the extensions be seen ythat the coils same, and provided-v with a recess, o, thus forming the inner ter.

this recess, 14, vis located' sition.

full advance, 'the shoulders-7, and the recessed portions of the.4

normal gap which exists between the other portions of the armature and the curved portions of the pole shoes and the terminal shoulders thereof.

Hence,any tendency ot' the magnetic flux through the metal core of the armature is prevented and the, substantially, maximum lines offorce are cut by the armature coils when the armature is in the posi- ()r in other words, eac of said recesses, 14, is so located that at the time the rear edges or tips of .the armature 'are leavingthe advance spark portions, 6, of the pole shoes, the reretard portions,

luc'tance between vthe lcore and the extended ends of the pole shoe'sfthan and the advance spark portions.

a. second sparking posltion'at full retard which, as illustrated in Fig.` 2, is .at the point when the rear the curved portions of the 4, of vthe pole shoe. In this position it'will of the armature cut substantially, the maximum lines of'force and that the spark produced bythe inter-A ruption of the circuit through the primary positions in each'ha-lf revolution at which a hot spark can b'esecured.l It will be under-' .stood'that the magneto construction herein between the core any given f i shown and described is intended .foruse in` the usual and well known manner in con. nection with a timer or interrupter capable of kbeing adjusted so that the spark can be'advanced or retarded inl thensual manner.

-larly shown or described.

y It will be obvious that in running at slowspeed the timer will be, placed in the re# tarded position -and that' substantially as vhot a spark is obtained as would be the case if the timer were in the advanced po- When running 'at high speed the adjustable periodic Such apparatus however, 1s well known and as itfforms no part.

timerwill be ordinarily advanced and sub-f 1 stantially a s hot a spark will beobtained at vanced positions.'l

A magneto electric machine, to which my invention is applicable, is shown,. for.y exzunple 4in' Letters Patent l-of the United States No.. 1,039,454, granted September 24th, 1912, in w'hichit is shown,- associated other features, but my invention is` appli I with a periodic interrupter .or mechanical" :,cn'clnt breaker, andv timing lever as well as a much greater gap betweenv the exterlor .high speed in eitherthe retarded or vady y isA tending recess and having an advance spark portlon on one side of the recess and a re tard spark portion on the other side ci? the recess on the extended extremity of vthe pole shoe, and a rotarily movable armature having a core provided with exterior curved surfaces each having a recess therein ex-v.

tending 1n a direction parallelv to the axis of rotation of the armature, said recesses being so located that at the time the rear edges oritips of the armature are leaving the advance spark portionsz of the pole shoes the said recesses are adjacent 'to the retard portions of the pole shoe, and insure greater reluctance between the core andthe extended ends of the pole shoes than between the core and` the advance spark portions of the pole shoes..

v2.111 a magneto electric machine, the

combination with a magnet', of pole shoes therefor each having one extremity extended a' greater distanceV in a direction around the armature lthan the other extremity, the inner faces of each of said pole shoes being provided adjacent to the cxtended extremity thereof with separated "retard spark portions and advance spark portions, and a rotarilymovable armature having a core 'provided with separated exterior curved surfaceseach having-a recess therein extending in a direction parallel to the direction of the armature and located in advance ofthe rear edge or tip of said curved surface substantially equal to the distance between the advance spark yand retard spark portions of the pole shoes, whereby when the rear tips or' the curved portions of the armature core are leaving the advance spark portions of the pole shoes said recesses will` be adjacent to the retard spark portions thereotl and insure greater reluctance between the core and the pole shoes at such points, than between the rear tip and they advance spark portions.

3, In a magneto electric machine, the combination with a magnet, otpole shoes therefor each having an inner curved surface concentric with the axis of rotation of the armature-and a portion at one end of' the shoe yextending a greater distance in -the direction ci rotation than the other end of the shoe, said pole shoes each having a retard spark portion at the extended end thereol at substantially the same distance from said axis as the curved portion, a `recess extending parallel to said axis, and an advance spark portion at the inner edge of said recess, and a rotarily movable armature having its core provided with separated exterior curved surfaces concentric with thev axis oi rotation and each provided with a recess extending parallel to said axis, and located a distance in advance of the `rear edge or tip ot said curved portion substantially equal to the distance separatingvthe advance spark portion and re 'tard spark portion of the pole shoes,

whereby when said rear edges or tips the arma-ture are leaving the advance spark portions of the pole shoesthe said recesses are adjacent to the retard portions of the pole shoes, to insure greater reluctance between the core and said retard portions,

thanbetween the rear edges or tips advance spark portions.

In testimony whereofture.

and the FRANCIS R. HOYT.

I afilx my slgna- 

